Operation Research characteristics scope phase Introduction of Operation Research
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About OPERATION RESEARCH :
History of OR : The main origin of operation research was during the second world war .At that time the military management in England called upon a team of scientist to study the strategic and tactical problems related to air and land defense of the country.
OR can be associated with an art of winning the war without actually fighting it.
As the name implies 'operation research' was apparently invented because the team was dealing with research on operations. The work of this team of scientists was named as OPERATION RESEARCH in England.
The nature and meaning of OR :
1. OR is a scientific method of providing executive departments with a quantitative basis for decision regarding the operations under their control.
2. OR is the art of giving bad answers to problems to which otherwise worse answers are given.
3. OR is an applied decision theory. It uses any scientific mathematical or logical means to attempt to cope with the problems that confront the executive when he tries to achieve a through going rationally in dealing with his decision problems.
Modelling in Operation Research:
Definition: A model in the sense used in OR is defined as a representation of an actual object or situation .It shows the relationship and inter relationship of action and reaction in terms of cause and effect.
Models can be classified according to following characteristics:
1.Classification bt structure
a. Iconic model. b. Analogue model. c. Symbolic moedl.
2. Classification by purpose
a. Descriptive model. b. Predictive model. c. Prescriptive model.
3.Classification of nature by environment
a. Deterministic model. b. Probabilistic model.
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